ChemSpider 2D Image | Clonazepam | C15H10ClN3O3

Clonazepam

  • Molecular FormulaC15H10ClN3O3
  • Average mass315.711 Da
  • Monoisotopic mass315.041077 Da
  • ChemSpider ID2700

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1622-61-3 [RN]
200-659-6 [EINECS]
216-596-2 [EINECS]
2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro- [ACD/Index Name]
3H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ol, 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-7-nitro- [ACD/Index Name]
5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one [ACD/IUPAC Name]
5-(2-Chlorophényl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazépin-2-one [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one
5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
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Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users

2765 [DBID]
5PE9FDE8GB [DBID]
DF2100000 [DBID]
759557 [DBID]
AIDS080742 [DBID]
AIDS-080742 [DBID]
BAS 00308658 [DBID]
BRN 0759557 [DBID]
C1277_SIGMA [DBID]
D00280 [DBID]
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  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties
  • Miscellaneous
    • Toxicity:

      Organic Compound; Organochloride; Amine; Amide; Drug; Anticonvulsant; Benzodiazepine; GABA Modulator; Metabolite; Synthetic Compound Toxin, Toxin-Target Database T3D2973
    • Safety:

      N03AE01 Wikidata Q407988
    • Chemical Class:

      1,3-Dihydro-2<element>H</element>-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of a ll types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation. ChEBI CHEBI:3756
      1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of a; ll types of epile psy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation. ChEBI https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:3756
      1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epileps y and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation. ChEBI CHEBI:3756
    • Therapeutical Effect:

      anticonvulsant, sedative Rudolf Boehm Institute [01505958]
    • Compound Source:

      synthetic Rudolf Boehm Institute [01505958]
  • Gas Chromatography
    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      2708 (estimated with error: 89) NIST Spectra mainlib_312384, replib_334969, replib_246888, replib_247863, replib_250715
      2806 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 250 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 1.5 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Garthwaite, K.; Geeson, A.V.; Osselton, M.D., Collection of Analytical Data for Benzodiazepines and Benzophenones, J. Chromatogr., 439, 1988, 317-339.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2833 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 250 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Garthwaite, K.; Geeson, A.V.; Osselton, M.D., Collection of Analytical Data for Benzodiazepines and Benzophenones, J. Chromatogr., 439, 1988, 317-339.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2832 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 275 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 32(6), 1987, 1574-1586.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2856 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 275 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: BP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 32(6), 1987, 1574-1586.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2878 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 280 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: 1% se-30 on Anachrom ABS(80-100mesh); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Musumarra, G.; Scarlata, G.; Romano, G.; Cappello, G.; Clementi, S.; Giulietti, G., Qualitative organic analysis. Part 2. Identification of drugs by principal components analysis of standardized TLC data in four eluent systems and of retention indices on SE 30, J. Anal. Toxicol., 11, 1987, 154-163.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2813 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.49 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 275 C; End time: 15 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SE-30; Phase thickness: 1.14 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Schepers, P.; Wijsbeek, J.; Franke, J.P.; de Zeeuw, R.A., Applicability of capillary gas chromatography to substance identification in toxicology by means of retention indices, J. Forensic Sci., 27(1), 1982, 49-60.) NIST Spectra nist ri
    • Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

      2885 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Phase thickness: 5.2 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Bogusz, M.; Bialka, J.; Gierz, J.; Klys, M., Use of short, wide-bore capillary columns in GC toxicological screening, J. Anal. Toxicol., 10(4), 1986, 135-138., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; End T: 300 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: Nitrogen; Substrate: Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: MHA, Directorate of ForensicScience., Forensic Toxicology, 9999., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Other; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ardrey, R.E.; Moffat, A.C., Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 1318 substances of toxicological interest on SE-30 or OV-1 stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 220, 1981, 195-252.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2857.1 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 290 C; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Neill, G.P.; Davies, N.W.; McLean, S., Automated screening procedure using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for identification of drugs after their extraction from biological samples, J. Chromatogr., 565, 1991, 207-224.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2843.3 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.26 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 120 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 22 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Manca, D.; Ferron, L.; Weber, J-P., A System for Toxicological Screening by Capillary Gas Chromatography with Use of Drug Retention Index Based on Nitrogen-Containing Reference Compounds, Clin. Chem., 35(4), 1989, 601-607.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2827 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 1.22 m; Column type: Packed; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: Mixture; Substrate: Chromosorb WHP; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Miller, L.G.; Friedman, H.; Greenblatt, D.J., Measurement of clonazepam by electron-capture gas-liquid chromatography with application to single-dose pharmacokinetics, J. Anal. Toxicol., 11, 1987, 55-57.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2860 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 100 0C (2 min) ^ 20 0C/min -> 180 0C ^ 7.5 0C/min -> 280 0C (6 min); CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Phase thickness: 5.2 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Bogusz, M.; Bialka, J.; Gierz, J.; Klys, M., Use of short, wide-bore capillary columns in GC toxicological screening, J. Anal. Toxicol., 10(4), 1986, 135-138.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2814 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W(100-120 mesh); Phase thickness: 0.4 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Chiarotti, M.; de Giovanni, N.; Fiori, A., Analysis of Benzodiazepines. I. Chromatographic Identification, J. Chromatogr., 358, 1986, 169-178.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2853 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 320 C; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: HP-5MS; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Tienpont, B.; David, F.; Stopforth, A.; Sandra, P., Comprehensive Profiling of Drugs of Abuse in Biological Fluids by Stir-Bar Sorptive Extraction-Thermal Desorption-Capillary Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, LCGC Europe, , 2003, 2-10.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2835.2 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 15 K/min; Start T: 120 C; End T: 320 C; End time: 1 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: HP-5; Phase thickness: 0.17 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Lillsunde, P.; Michelson, L.; Forsstrom, T.; Korte, T.; Schultz, E.; Ariniemi, K.; Portman, M.; Sihvonen, M.-L.; Seppala, T., Comprehensive drug screening in blood for detecting abused drugs or drugs potentially hazardous for traffic safety, Forensic Sci. Int., 77, 1996, 191-210.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2863 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 12 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: .5 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 310 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.0 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Drummer, O.H.; Horomidis, S.; Kourtis, S.K.; Syrjanen, M.L.; Tippet, P., Capillary gas chromatographic drug screen for use in forensic toxicology, J. Anal. Toxicol., 18, 1994, 134-138.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2833 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 150 C; End T: 260 C; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zamechnik, J.; Ethier, J.-C.; Neville, G.A., Benzodiazepines- an extensive collection of mass spectra, J. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci., 22(3), 1989, 233-259.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2848.4 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 12.5 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 110 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 6.5 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: Ultra-2; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Watts, V.W.; Simonick, T.F., A retention index library for commonly encountered drugs and metabolites using tri-n-alkylamines as reference compounds, nitrogen-phosphorus detectors, and dual capillary chromatography, J. Anal. Toxicol., 11, 1987, 210-214.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      2879 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 220 C; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SPB-5; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Chiarotti, M.; de Giovanni, N.; Fiori, A., Analysis of Benzodiazepines. I. Chromatographic Identification, J. Chromatogr., 358, 1986, 169-178.) NIST Spectra nist ri
    • Retention Index (Linear):

      2860 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 1.8 m; Column type: Packed; Heat rate: 8 K/min; Start T: 130 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 8 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 1622613; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chromosorb W; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W., The use of retention indices and temperature-programmed gas chromatography in analytical toxicology, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 19, 1981, 219-226.) NIST Spectra nist ri

Predicted data is generated using the ACD/Labs Percepta Platform - PhysChem Module, version: 14.00

Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 524.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 79.8±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: 271.0±30.1 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.701
Molar Refractivity: 81.2±0.5 cm3
#H bond acceptors: 6
#H bond donors: 1
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 2
#Rule of 5 Violations: 0
ACD/LogP: 2.34
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 2.53
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 49.28
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 566.51
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 2.53
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 49.28
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 566.49
Polar Surface Area: 87 Å2
Polarizability: 32.2±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 61.8±7.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume: 209.9±7.0 cm3

Predicted data is generated using the US Environmental Protection Agency�s EPISuite™

                        
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  2.53
    Log Kow (Exper. database match) =  2.41
       Exper. Ref:  Hansch,C et al. (1995)

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  511.05  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  217.76  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  7.32E-011  (Modified Grain method)
    MP  (exp database):  237.5 deg C
    Subcooled liquid VP: 1.44E-008 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  35.38
       log Kow used: 2.41 (expkow database)
       no-melting pt equation used
     Water Sol (Exper. database match) =  100 mg/L (25 deg C)
        Exper. Ref:  MERCK INDEX (1996)

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  0.46578 mg/L
    Wat Sol (Exper. database match) =  100.00
       Exper. Ref:  MERCK INDEX (1996)

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Aliphatic Amines

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   7.02E-013  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   Incomplete
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  8.595E-013 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  2.41  (exp database)
  Log Kaw used:  -10.542  (HenryWin est)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  12.952
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   0.3199
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.0353
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   2.0711  (months      )
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   3.3239  (days-weeks  )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :  -0.2047
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.0007
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): -1.1362
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   NO

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  1.92E-006 Pa (1.44E-008 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 12.952
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  1.56 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  2.2 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  0.983 
       Mackay model           :  0.992 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  0.994 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant =   4.2077 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     2.542 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =    30.504 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      No Ozone Reaction Estimation
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 0.987 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  1.042E+004
      Log Koc:  4.018 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 1.156 (BCF = 14.31)
       log Kow used: 2.41 (expkow database)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  7.02E-013 atm-m3/mole  (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
    Half-Life from Model River: 1.482E+009  hours   (6.175E+007 days)
    Half-Life from Model Lake : 1.617E+010  hours   (6.736E+008 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:               2.86  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.10  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:     2.76  percent
    Total to Air:                0.00  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       0.000641        61           1000       
   Water     15.8            1.44e+003    1000       
   Soil      84.1            2.88e+003    1000       
   Sediment  0.115           1.3e+004     0          
     Persistence Time: 2.29e+003 hr




                    

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